News Director at a television station Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

News Director at a television station - Essay Example In the television business ratings are important. Programs that are able to obtain higher ratings can be used by television stations as cash cows that generate extra revenues because companies are willing to pay higher prices for ads aired in shows that have higher ratings. If I was faced with a scenario in which my news program had achieved low ratings during the last few weeks then I would choose the death of the celebrity as my lead story. Celebrities are icon figures that the general public follows closely. When a celebrity dies the entire media covers the story because people want to know about it. Another reason for choosing the celebrity story over the recreation parks story is because at the beginning of a news telecast it is always important to catch the attention of the viewers. A lot of television watchers are very impulsive viewers especially when it comes to watching news. If a person likes the initial news of the telecast the company increases the chances of retaining t he viewer throughout the entire program. The news story about the city council shutting down the recreational parks three days a week has a lot of social impact. A lot of mothers are going to be affected by this decision because they will have no place to take their kids to play during the days the parks are close down. This news story despite its importance to society would not be chosen by me as lead story when I have a sure top news story that can bring in better ratings. As I mentioned earlier in this industry one has to adapt and make decision depending on the circumstances. ... During political campaign season this story has greater appeal because of the political angle associated with the recreational parks story. During such as season due to the social impact and political implications I would not hesitate to choose this story as my lead. Both stories were good, but the story that brings better ratings should be the priority for a news program. The media industry is facing some tough times as the corporate world is spending less on advertising and the internet has provided a cheaper channel that is taking business away from traditional media such as television stations. Advances in information technology are allowing for faster distribution of information than ever before (Shermerhorn & Hunt & Osborn, 2003, p.348). References Schermerhorn, J., Hunt, J., Osborn, R. (2003). Organizational Behavior (8th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Part II The television device was invented in 1927 by Philo Farnsworth. Television became very popular soon after it reach ed the market because the device fascinated people as it provided great entertainment for the entire family. The television industry has impacted our society deeply and has helped shape our culture. Many television programs were designed to educate people about social causes that affect culture. For example the 1980’s program A Different Stokes starting Gary Coleman showed Americans that biracial families worked because love has no color. A lot of other programs have taught people about different aspects of our culture. Law and Order fans have learned a lot about the American judicial system and its law enforcement. Television has helped document our history. The first space mission to the moon, Apollo 11, was covered by television in 1969. A lot of important events such as

Politicial Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Politicial Science - Essay Example Miranda Rights is a preventive criminal procedure where suspected criminals are given a warning at the time of the arrest. This warning gives criminals the choice of remaining silent until they talk to their attorney to prevent police officers from taking advantage of the situation. The Fifth Amendment creates this right. Executive Order is an order issued by the President which is legally binding. Such orders do not require the approval of the Congress and cannot be overturned by the Congress. Even though there is no provision in the Constitution that defines the rule of Executive Order but such orders have been issued and accepted by the US Supreme Court. Bureaucracies perform a multitude of functions for the government. They are important for effective functioning of the entire system because they introduce accountability and efficiency in a broad range of task. Bureaucracies exist mainly to increase productivity and efficiency in the system through a set of standards and guides. Department of Defense: The role of this department is to protect the country from any internal or external threat. This department monitors different forces including the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps. Independent executive agency is an agency that is created outside the control of the Federal executive department. They are outside the control of the President. These agencies oversee different aspects of governance. They have been created to function independently so as to improve their efficiency and prevent them from being controlled by the

three strikes law is a strict mandatory life sentence

three strikes law is a strict mandatory life sentence These crimes include murder, robbery in which a deadly weapon was used, rape, or burglary. Differing opinions suggest that three strikes law is unfair and unjust because the law excessively affects African American and Latino men who have a higher representation throughout the criminal justice system. Others suggest that the three strikes law violates the Eighth Amendment of the Bill of Rights; because the law is unjust when convicted of a minor offense still count as a strike. I believe the three strikes law deters crime and future criminal behavior because it assembles the thought of facing tough consequences. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The three strikes law can be best understood within the neoclassical theoretical framework. The theoretical framework is a direct approach to policy making for the prevention and control of crime. It focuses on policies rather than crime causation and less concerned with finding causes of crime, along with finding what deters future criminal behavior. The neoclassical theoretical framework can be coupled with the specific and general deterrence theory. The specific deterrence theory emphasizes a point on the individual itself. The theory explains the discouragement of criminal behavior from future criminal acts by understanding the consequences. General deterrence theory concentrates on the prevention of crime by forging examples of distinguish criminal behavior. It exercises the public view to deter other individuals from committing the same crime. The experience is use to restrain others from perpetrating the same criminal acts. Schafers Argument: 3 Strikes as Deterrence The concept of deterrence is divided into two categories: general deterrence and specific. General deterrence takes place when potential offenders identify the consequences of other peoples actions and decide not to follow into their footsteps. Specific deterrence is triggered when offenders learn from their past. Schafer believes the three strikes laws often are seen as the answer to crime problems in America because it reduces crime either by throwing offenders in jail or deterring potential offenders from committing crimes. (p311) Schafer argues that three strikes law is an effective crime control policy that deters youthful offenders from becoming repeat offenders. In California, statistical evidence is provided by how crime has dropped 26.0 percent since 1994. (p 312) He then proceeds to contend on how juvenile offenders are more likely to be violent throughout their generation. The data he claims suggest that a small number of young offenders commit numerous unpunished crimes because the courts, especially the juvenile justice system, provide the offenders with countless second chances. The three strikes law would reinforce the motivation to change their criminal behavior because the juvenile justice systems do little to rehabilitate or deter young offenders from crime. (p 313) Schafer reinforces his argument by conducting a survey to measures the offenders experiences with the consequences of their crimes. The result of the survey concluded that, 61 percent of the offenders said they would not or probably would not commit a serious or violent crime if they knew their prison sentence would be doubled and 70 percent said that would not or probably would not commit the crime if they knew they would receive life in prison. (p 314) His survey demonstrated a deterrent effect from the root of the source. To conclude Schafers argument, he proved that offenders, who have repeated experiences with the criminal justice system, have learned through their consequences, and the rewards of the criminal act do not outweigh the consequences. Vitiellos Argument: 3 Strikes is not a Deterrent to Violent Crime Vitiello argues that three strikes law have no effect in reducing serious crime and the cost of the law is not beneficial to our society. Vitiello explains three strikes supporters argument is based on empirical data that defines the efficiency of the law. The efficiency of the law is supported by data that does not have a connection with the three strikes law. Reports from California prove that prior to the three strikes law, crime was already declining and after the three strikes, there were no drastic change in crime. Vitiello furthermore argues that when law makers were trying to measure the three strikes deterrent effect, they failed to find a marginal deterrent effect. There was a small change, but there was no significant explanation on the decline in the crime rate. The law itself is not helpful to the criminal justice system. Vitiello compared Californias and the nations crime rate average. He proved that Sectary of State Jones position on how California exceeding the declin e in crime nationwide, cuts both ways was false. The example given was that New Yorks policing polices had problems with crime during the 1990s, but it did not adapted the three strikes law; however, New York, had a higher decline in crime than California. Vitiello also reference the authors of Punishment and Democracy to support his position. The authors of Punishment and Democracy found that the decline in crime rate followed by the three strikes was not the cause of the decline, but the authors found that the decline in the crime rate preceded passage of the law. Even when the law was passed, there was not dramatic change because the crime rate stayed the same. The cause of the crime rate to be neutral was the decline that was operating prior to the passage of the law continued to be the primary reason for the drop in crime rates. Therefore, the three strikes play no role in the decline in crime rate. Overall, Vitiellos argument is based on empirical studies. His research found t hat California would have experience virtually the entire drop in crime without three strikes. ANAYLSIS: Schafers position on the three strikes law deters repeat offenders. Based on his studies, the evidence he provides concludes a convincing argument. Schafer explains how the concept of deterrence reflects on offenders and repeat offenders. Following by his survey, the results created a solid foundation for his argument. The whole idea of general deterrence is very effective. People are likely to commit a crime when the opportunity arises. If the consequence is tough they will be afraid to commit the crime. The creation of three strikes law is to put the fear in peoples mind to make them think twice about violating the law. All it takes a single thought about if its worth it or not. I see the specific deterrence theory as a way to deter repeat offenders. The three strikes helps fix the criminal justice system by putting those who choose to become repeat offenders to stay in jail. Most crimes today are from repeat offenders. From the Bureau of Justice Statistic Special Report, A 2002 st udy survey showed that among nearly 275,000 prisoners released in 1994, 67.5% were rearrested within 3 years, and 51.8% were back in prison. Explaining how more of our prisoners that get convicted are more likely to go back in prison. This is where the three strikes law takes place. We created a barrier for those offenders to think about what they are doing. We make them think about if its worth twenty five years to life. Another effective reason why three strikes is effective is because it targets repeat offenders who fail to change their criminal behavior after the second time. The mandatory twenty five years to life for third time offenders will put them away for a long time and it also keep them off the streets. This type of get tough law has done its part on reducing the crime rate throughout the nation. It serves as a deterrent and its the best weapon we got against repeat offenders. From Analysis of the California Attorney Generals Report, the drop in the crime rate that California has experiences since 1993 is drastically different from the first four year of 1990-1993 where the overall crime rate dropped only 2.4% and the violent crime rate increased 7.3%. When the three strikes law took effect, the crime rate dropped drastically to about 5 %. Some may argue that crime was reducing before the three strikes law. Data shows that crime was dropping before the law was passing, but when the law di d pass, it drastically declined boosting the drop further. Moreover, crime can be seen as a rational choice theory. The theory proposes that offenders measure the opportunities, cost, and benefits of particular crimes. (Hagan.2010. p 101) Hagan referenced Cornish and Clarkes (1986) rational choice theory by explaining how crime is a matter of situational choice and we need to increase the certainty and the severity of the punishment to exclude the temptation and the choice of criminal activity. Therefore, the three strikes law plays that role of decreasing the situational choice, so that crime cannot happen. The cost and benefit of the crime does not equal the punishment. In results, offenders are more likely to disregard criminal behavior because the three strikes law decreases the motivation to commit a crime. CONCLUSION: The three strikes law is used as deterrence. Many argue that its a waste of governments money. Some argue that its the best tool we got against repeat offenders. I personally feel that its the only defense we got against repeat offenders. The theory behind the law supports why the law would work. This law is based on human behavior. The human behavior based on learning from experience and making sure that experience was enough to deter the offender from committing the same act. The three strikes law revolves around the Neoclassical Theory and it deters repeat offenders.

Should Canadian Teenagers be Allowed to Work before Turning 18? Essay

Today our topic is Canadian teenagers shouldn't be allowed to work before 18 years old .UNICEF defines child labor as, â€Å"work that exceeds a minimum number of hours, depending on the age of a child and on the type of work. Such work is considered harmful to the child and should therefore be eliminated.†But in 21thcentury, the temptation increase, coupled with the influence of the mentality, More and more teenagers give up study to get a job. Recently the problem of child labor in Canada has aroused people's concern. Teenagers give up study to get a job has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. Nowadays Child labor in Canada has become a problem a problem we have to face. We believed that Canadian teenagers shouldn't allow to get a job before 18 years old. In the first place, Study is the most important thing. But if we find a job, we can't get good education. If children miss school and the proper education that could enable them to find better-paid jobs in their adult lives. Also under the same conditions, the company will usually preferred experienced students, I am very argue that in that today's society, the company is need comprehensive talents, but comprehensive talent is built on the basis of professional knowledge. Moreover, the experience of you wash the dishes, tutoring, waiter, It might not the company want . From the point of the type of job for teenagers, They are always hand out leaflets, the waiter, promoters and tutor. But if I was standing in the other debater's point of view, Find a job is to get social experience, but these job's capacity can also get in high school or university 's activity. More important is these works are not related with professional and future employm... ...me of we study. No doubt Canadian teenagers shouldn't be allowed to work before 18 years old. Early find a job is bad for children, It can let them have bad opinion for money. Let them think money is too important for them. They want to get more money, but work in restaurant or some small places cannot get too much money, so they find bad job, Child prostitution is the most issues. When we hear child prostitution, many people think of sex tourism in Thailand, But Actually can it be found in every country. Child prostitution is the commercial sexual exploitation of children in which a child performs the services of prostitution. They sell their bodies on the streets or in apartments. Young teenagers don't have right idea of money, More and more teenagers give up study to do this bad job. It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.

Key Qualities of a Successful Entrepreneur Essay

Being an entrepreneur is about more than just starting a business or two, it is about having attitude and the drive to succeed in business. All successful Entrepreneurs have a similar way of thinking and posses several key personal qualities that make them so successful in business. Successful entrepreneurs like the ambitious Richard Branson have an inner drive to succeed and grow their business, rather than having a Harvard Business degree or technical knowledge in a particular field.All successful entrepreneurs have the following qualities:Inner Drive to SucceedEntrepreneurs are driven to succeed and expand their business. They see the bigger picture and are often very ambitious. Entrepreneurs set massive goals for themselves and stay committed to achieving them regardless of the obstacles that get in the way. Strong Belief in themselvesSuccessful entrepreneurs have a healthy opinion of themselves and often have a strong and assertive personality. They are focused and determined to achieve their goals and believe completely in their ability to achieve them. Their self optimism can often been seen by others as flamboyance or arrogance but entrepreneurs are just too focused to spend too much time thinking about un-constructive criticism. Search for New Ideas and InnovationAll entrepreneurs have a passionate desire to do things better and to improve their products or service. They are constantly looking for ways to improve. They‘re creative, innovative and resourceful.Openness to ChangeIf something is not working for them they simply change. Entrepreneurs know the importance of keeping on top of their industry and the only way to being number one is to evolve and change with the times. They‘re up to date with the latest technology or service techniques and are always ready to change if they see a new opportunity arise.www.woopidoo.comCompetitive by NatureSuccessful entrepreneurs thrive on competition. The only way to reach their goals and live up to their self imposed high standards is to compete with other successful businesses. Highly Motivated and EnergeticEntrepreneurs are always on the move, full of energy and highly motivated. They are driven to succeed and have an abundance of self motivation. The high standards and ambition of many entrepreneurs demand that they have to be motivated!Accepting of Constructive Criticism and RejectionInnovative entrepreneurs are often at the forefront of their industry so they hear the words †it can‘t be done† quite a bit. They readjust their path if the criticism is constructive and useful to their overall plan, otherwise they will simply disregard the comments as pessimism. Also, the best entrepreneurs know that rejection and obstacles are a part of any leading business and they deal with them appropriately.True entrepreneurs are resourceful, passionate and driven to succeed and improve. They‘re pioneers and are comfortable fighting on the frontline The great ones are ready to be laughed at and criticized in the beginning because they can see their path ahead and are too busy working towards their dream.

Quiz: Communication Processes and Models

Practice Quiz 1. According to the linear model of communication, at any given point in time a person is sending a message and receiving a message. a. True b. False 2. Cognitive complexity increases a person’s communication competence. a. True b. False 3. We receive and respond to messages from another person at the same time that she or he is receiving and responding to us is an example of the _____________ model. a. Transactional b. interactive c. linear d. cognitive e. none of the above 4.If you and your friend need to negotiate what â€Å"frequently† means when it comes to how often you clean your apartment, this represents that: a. Sending and receiving are usually simultaneous. b. Meanings exist in and among people. c. Environment and noise affect communication. d. Channels make a difference. e. none of the above 5. Being unable to concentrate on what your mother is saying because you are upset about something that happened with a friend is an example of: a. extern al noise b. psychological noise c. physiological noise d. static e. one of the above 6. The dynamic process that involves participants decoding and encoding messages is called: a. environment b. noise c. transactional d. context e. none of the above 7. Interpersonal communication can be distinguished from impersonal communication based on qualities of: a. uniqueness b. interdependence c. personality d. all of the above e. a and b only 8. An example of physiological noise is: a. anger b. poor sound c. insecurity d. headache e. none of the above 9. You answer your first question at a job interview and the interviewer frowns.Which characteristic of communication best describes the situation? a. Communication is dyadic. b. Feedback can be verbal or nonverbal c. Feedback is situational. d. Communication is dependent on personalized rules. e. None of the above describes it. 10. The idea that we might feel badly when our mother criticizes us, but less upset when a friend makes the same obs ervation reveals that: a. Communication is transactional. b. Communication can be intentional or unintentional. c. Communication has a content and relational dimension. d. Communication is irreversible. e. none of the above